Retailers are vigorously gearing up for back-to-school shopping! Media advertising is filled with the hottest school supplies, the latest fashion trends, the must-have shoes, and the best online offers.
What essentials do kids need that cannot be purchased at the shopping mall, at the big box stores or online? The answer is bullying prevention skills. Coping skills are crucial in handling mean-spirited teasing, exclusion and bullying. Why?
Over more than two decades as an elementary school social worker in north suburban Chicago, I repeatedly witnessed the pain and stress suffered by children as a result of teasing, ridicule, put-downs, exclusion, taunting and bullying. Being a target or victim of teasing and bullying can result in chronic stress, anxiety, aggressive behaviors, depression, low self-esteem, academic decline, social withdrawal and physical illness.
Widespread access to cell phones and the Internet has made it possible for school-yard bullying to "go viral" and global, which multiplies the resulting hurt and humiliation. Tragic stories of bullying, harassment and cyberbullying of middle and high school students ending in violence and suicide are frequent, frightening and alarming news headlines.
Some kids who are teased, even just a few times, don't want to go to school. Yet many people continue to view teasing and bullying as unavoidable parts of childhood, a “rite of passage” and something everyone encounters and should deal with.
Although we can’t eliminate peer abuse altogether or prevent it entirely, we are able to equip kids with the essential tools to handle teasing successfully and confidently. When children are able to respond to teasing with effective tools and words, they are less likely to become victims of bullies!
The following are brief descriptions of the “Easing the Teasing” strategies.
Self-talk
Encourage children to think about what they can say to themselves when they are in a teasing situation. It is essential that they not react with anger or tears, because emotional reactions are likely to result in more teasing. “I am not going to cry or get angry. I won’t do what the teaser or bully wants me to do.” A child should ask himself, "Is the tease true?" Often it is not. “Just because someone said that to me does not mean it’s true.”
Another important self-talk question is, "Whose opinion is more important: the teaser's or mine?" “My opinion is more important than the teaser or bully’s opinion.” It is also helpful for the teased child to think about his or her positive qualities to counteract negative self-talk that often results from the cruel and hurtful words.
Ignoring
Because displays of anger or tears often invite more teasing, it is often effective for children to ignore the teaser. We need to teach kids what ignoring looks like. Ignoring is not looking at or responding to the teaser. Children should try to pretend that the teaser is invisible and act as if nothing has happened. If possible, they should walk away and join others.
Parents can role play "ignoring" with their children and praise them for their excellent "acting." It should be noted that ignoring may not work in prolonged teasing situations and other strategies may be necessary.
The I Message
The "I Message" is an assertive way for children to effectively express their feelings. The child expresses how he feels, what has caused him to feel that way, and what he would like others to do differently. For example, a child could say, "I feel upset when you say mean things about how I look, could you please stop.” This strategy generally works better when expressed in a structured or supervised situation, such as a classroom or during a family discussion where there is an adult to facilitate this communication.
When used in situations, such as recess or on the school bus, it may lead to more teasing. After all, upsetting his or her target is the goal of the mean-spirited teaser or bully. Nevertheless, it is an easy skill to teach children to help them deal with many situations. The child should learn to make eye contact and speak firmly, but politely. The I Message is quite effective when a comment that is meant to be fun and friendly is taken as cruel and hurtful.
Visualization
Many young children respond well to visualizing or imagining words "bouncing off" of them. It provides them with the mental image of not having to accept or believe what is said. An effective visualization is for a child to pretend he has a shield around him which helps him imagine that the teases and bad words are “bouncing off.”
Kids have abundant imaginations and can have fun creating and drawing their own visualizations. A boy who enjoys bowling drew a picture of a bowling lane. Every pin had a mean word written on it. He said, “I can bowl the teases away.” A girl who loves gymnastics said, “I can flip the teases away.”
Reframing: Taking the Tease as a Compliment
Reframing is changing one's perception about the negative comment. It is accepting the tease as a compliment rather than an insult or put-down. This strategy conveys “appreciation” of the comments rather than being upset. For example, a child teases another about her glasses, "Four eyes, four eyes, you have four eyes." The child being teased could politely respond, "Thanks for noticing my glasses!" A first-grader told me that this strategy “takes the tease out of it.” The tease is usually diffused because there is not a reaction of anger or frustration.
If your son or daughter is called a “walking dictionary,” a reframing response would be “I take that as a compliment.” Other reframing responses: “Thanks for your opinion. How nice of you to pay me so much attention.” As with all the strategies, the 3 R’s are necessary: rehearsal, repetition and review.
Agree with the facts.
Agreeing with the facts can be one of the easiest ways to handle an insult or tease. A child can agree with what is true, but not in a self-degrading way. The teaser says, "You have so many freckles." The teased child responds, "Yes, I have a lot of freckles." The teaser taunts, “You are so short!” The teased child can answer, "I am short. I am the shortest person in my class and in my family." Many kids are surprised to realize that agreeing with the facts can quickly stop the teasing.
So?
The response of "so?" to the teaser conveys an indifference that the tease doesn't matter. Children find this response simple and successful. This strategy is humorously addressed in Bill Cosby's book The Meanest Thing to Say. Saying “so” is similar to an emotional shrug and conveys an indifference. It should be said casually, not sarcastically.
Respond to the tease with a compliment.
When a child is teased, he or she can respond with a compliment. Paying the teaser a compliment often diffuses the situation quickly. Example: “You are such a slow runner. Why do you have to be on my team?” Responding to this with a compliment would be “You are really a fast runner. I wish I could run as fast as you can.” Another example: “You hair looks so weird to today/A bad hair day?” The response could be, “Your hair looks great today.”
Humor
Humor shows that little importance is placed on the put-downs or mean remarks. Kids can chuckle, laugh or say something funny. Laughing can often turn a hurtful situation into a funny one. However, bigotry, mocking of physical and mental disabilities and similar cruelties are never laughing matters.
Ask for help
If the teasing continues, it may escalate to bullying. At that point, it is necessary for a child to seek adult assistance or intervention. Kids need to know the difference between tattling and reporting. Reporting a teasing or bullying situation to an adult is crucial in ensuring safety.
We teach our children “stranger danger” skills so that they are prepared if approached by someone they don’t know. We can successfully empower kids with skills to handle teasing in the same pro-active and preventive way. Kids cannot control the words or actions of the teaser, but they can control their reactions to the teasing. Preparing kids to know what to do or say when someone calls them a name or makes fun of them is the first step in bullying prevention!
About the blogger: Judy S. Freedman, a licensed clinical social worker and bullying prevention specialist, is the author of Easing the Teasing – Helping Your Child Cope with Name-Calling, Ridicule, and Verbal Bullying. She lectures and conducts workshops for parents, educators, and mental health professionals throughout the country. Learn more about Judy and her work at www.easingtheteasing.com.
Schoolmarm
9:36 pm on Wednesday, August 8, 2012
Do you have any suggestions for how to deal with teachers who bully?
Stan Golovchuk
10:14 pm on Wednesday, August 8, 2012
That's a great question.
Judy S. Freedman, M.S.W., L.C.S.W.
6:20 am on Thursday, August 9, 2012
Before I can answer this great and important question, I have a few questions to help me get a clear picture of the situation. What are the behaviors the teacher is demonstrating? Could you give me some examples? Is this in elementary, middle school or high school? Do you know if this issue has been addressed previously with the teacher?
Schoolmarm
8:45 am on Thursday, August 9, 2012
I would consider teachers who engage in favoritism, scapegoating and gossiping about students with other students and staff, as well as those who profile students on the basis of the gossip of others, to be bullying. I can cite many examples from my children's elementary and middle schools. Favoritism occured when a group of students was reprimanded on the basis of another student's "report" despite a lack of evidence that any misbehavior had occured. Even when the reporter later admitted to having lied, she was neither reprimanded nor required to offer an apology to those she had lied about. Scapegoating is a frequent occurence in the classrooms of teachers who lack basic classroom management skills. The (elementary school) music, (middle school) art and special ed. teachers regularly send students to the office to be punished for "not paying attention" or "talking" in class. They also contact parents with the plaint that they can not teach/work/function in the classroom, and that it is the fault of the scapegoat of the day/week/month/year.
Spreading gossip about students seems to be quite widespread. Interestingly enough, I have received e-mail and telephone calls from school personnel describing conversations they have had with other students (at private parties they hold with them -- favoritism!) in which the students have passed along some bit of gossip about my child or family. They have related these stories to me as facts.
Bucephalus
9:36 am on Thursday, August 9, 2012
There's a few problems, though, with your situation. Your definition of "favoritism" runs contrary to reality. When a student, as advised by Judy, reports another student, the teacher only has that student's word to go on. In this case there may not have been any misbehavior, but you seem to be saying that teachers should do nothing when students come and report other students for bad things. It seems to me that if a teacher saw something bad happening, they would intervene without a student needing to tell them, so if a student does have to tell a teacher, there's not going to be evidence.
I'm curious about your "lying" statement. What did the teacher do that was a lie? Was it acting upon the other student's report even though there was no evidence? That doesn't seem to be a lie.
What would you suggest a teacher do with a child who is talking in class? The overwhelming majority of teachers don't just send a student out of the classroom. At the elementary school level that sounds illegal as well (let's just have a seven year old wandering around the school). I've never heard a teacher be criticized for contacting a parent to try and work out a problem. That doesn't sound like a bad teacher to me. When I have children I would want the teacher to phone me and talk to me if that teacher believes there is a problem.
Judy S. Freedman, M.S.W., L.C.S.W.
6:13 pm on Thursday, August 9, 2012
Unfortunately, there are educators who act like bullies…. and in so many cases, unknowingly. In my bullying prevention training to school staff, I raise the question about possible behaviors that teachers demonstrate that either could be considered bullying or perceived as bullying. I share an excellent article with training participants, entitled Educators vs, Bullies by Linda Starr, written in 2006 in Education World that I want to share with Patch readers. Please take a few minutes and read it and let me know what you think. www.educationworld.com/a_curr/columnists/starr.../starr027.shtml
Schoolmarm, I certainly sense your anguish and frustration due the experiences you described in your posting. Everyday in every school, educators communicate professionally, appropriately, and effectively with fellow staff members regarding information that relates to the well-being of a student. Any school personnel who truly gossips about students with other students and staff is deficient in professionalism. Idly talking or spreading rumors about students and their families is wrong!
Sully
7:09 pm on Thursday, August 9, 2012
Schoolmarm, special education teachers rarely send their students to the principal for talking or not paying attention. Depending on the student's classification (including learning disabled, emotional or behavioral disorder, cognitively impaired , to name a few), the Special Ed. teacher has specific training to deal with the types of behavior that may be seen in the classroom. Parents are usually contacted in order that they and the teacher can discuss classroom issues and can work collaboratively to help the student. It is not to tattle-tale or blame.
Schoolmarm
8:55 am on Thursday, August 9, 2012
I think it is also important to note that I once took a written communication from a student describing the comments made to her about another student by a teacher/counselor to the school's principal and superintendent. The gist of their responses: "Teachers don't do that." I think this is important to note, especially since most bullying by teachers takes place behind closed doors, and, ignored by administrators, becomes part of the school culture. Therefore, telling a superior just leads to a dead end. I should probably tell you that both my child and I have been diagnosed with PTSD caused by interactions with these schools' personnel. Now that my child is in a different school, I am looking for ways we can avoid being re-traumatized while we heal, and am grateful for any suggestions.
Judy S. Freedman, M.S.W., L.C.S.W.
6:16 pm on Thursday, August 9, 2012
Schoolmarm, I respectfully disagree with you that teachers are scape-goating students whom they send to the office. I have known new teachers and the most experienced and qualified teachers who need the school’s administrator’s assistance or intervention for a multitude of problems and issues. Not every teacher, regardless of training and experience, can handle every situation. I commend teachers who seek help when needed. It is the hope that the student will learn and benefit from the administrator’s intervention.
I wish your child the best in the new school situation! Hoping for a fresh new beginning.
Sully
6:57 pm on Thursday, August 9, 2012
I'll second that, Judy. I've known a few teachers who would rather intimidate their students than impart knowledge (more so in the upper grades), but a huge majority prefer taking the responsibility for themselves when a student behaves inappropritely. They are usually able to do a pretty good job. Depending on the severity of the behavior, most administrators I've known also prefer the teacher take care of the incident because he or she has to be with that student for part or all of the day and needs to be able to be the one in charge. If it becomes intolerable, the admin. will step in when necessary. As I said, some teachers would prefer to intimidate, but the majority do not. Your experience, Schoolmarm, I believe is the exception rather than the rule.
Gary
10:06 am on Thursday, August 9, 2012
Put cameras and microphones in the classroom, and record everything that happens all day long.
The technology is cheap and easy to implement. There are many ways to deal with the data gathered, but I would like to be given a secure login so that at any time I could monitor what is happening in my children's classroom.
A whole list of problems would suddenly disappear.
Bob Loblaw
10:14 am on Thursday, August 9, 2012
And the term "helicopter parent" takes on a whole new meaning.
Gary
10:45 am on Thursday, August 9, 2012
Did I miss something? Is this a discussion about how we solve the bullying problem, or are we bashing parents who want to have a more active role in their children's education?
Bob Loblaw
11:39 am on Thursday, August 9, 2012
Monitoring your kid's every moment of existence is the exact reason that kids don't have coping skills. Kids need to be able to be confident and learn how to stand up for themselves, and need to have parents that foster a mutually trusting and respectful relationship where kids feel comfortable coming to them with real problems. Not to mention that I'd think kids' social development would be pretty severely stunted knowing their parents could be watching them at any time - privacy and the ability to be at least somewhat autonomous are important at all ages. What exactly is "active" about this method? And are you going to tell your kids you're watching them, or are you going to hide it and then omnipotently swoop in from on high? Sounds like a solution for people that don't want to have hard conversations with their kids.
Gary
1:49 pm on Thursday, August 9, 2012
I wouldn't do it to monitor my kids. I would do it to monitor the overall atmosphere in the classroom.
One thing's for sure. Bullying would practically vanish overnight in any classroom that was being recorded, and false accusations from kids, teachers, and parents would come to a screeching halt.
I would think that children would feel more secure knowing that if someone picks on them they could tell their parents and teachers to check the recordings, instead of relying on the usual he-said-she-said routine.
Who the heck would have the time to watch the classroom all day anyway. It would really only be used if something dramatic happened and needed to be sorted out.
And if you want to talk about letting our children learn life lessons, then I say they better start getting used to being watched all day because that's what's happening everywhere right now.
Michael
3:11 pm on Thursday, August 9, 2012
What would you suggest for bullying that takes place in unobserved areas such as the bathroom?
Gary
10:29 am on Friday, August 10, 2012
That's easy. Post TSA agents in every bathroom stall.
Schoolmarm
10:11 am on Thursday, August 9, 2012
I guess I need to clarify that by "the reporter," I was referring to the student who had gone to the teacher with a false report, then later said that she had not told the truth. Had the teacher been acting respectfully towards all those in her class, she would have asked all the parties to tell her what happened first, then taken action after hearing all sides, rather than immediately, before she had all the facts. I don't think getting the facts before jumping to conclusions is ever a bad policy for anyone to follow. In my education program, there was class time given to developing classroom management skills. One important one is dealing with students who are talking in
class, as it is quite common. A teacher should have those skills to be able to deal with usual classroom issues. Sadly, some teachers don't, and tend to become frustrated with their deficit. Those teachers, rather than try to problem solve, or find new or more creative techniques, will often focus on one student to blame.
I am puzzled by how a teacher complaining about his or her inability to function in the classroom is problem solving. Problem- solving would sound more like, "Is there something I need to know? " It could also, it seems take the form of "Could you come to a meeting so that all of us can discuss this?" I would not consider blaming to be either problem-solving or good teaching ( or useful.) Who actually owns the problem if the teacher can't manage a class?
Sully
2:37 pm on Thursday, August 9, 2012
Gaty, bullying doesn't occur just in the classroom. It happens in the hallways, the bathrooms, the gym locker room, outdoors, the bus, and just about any other place you can think of. There is also debate about whether recording in a classroom is legal.
Sully
2:40 pm on Thursday, August 9, 2012
Sorry- Gary.
McCloud
5:21 pm on Thursday, August 9, 2012
Any suggestions on how we can make bullies more green?
John C Thomson
8:31 pm on Thursday, August 9, 2012
Ok, I already know what most of you think of my solution but if we are going to be realistic about handling bullying then I think you have to include a good punch in the nose has its effectiveness.
Sully
8:43 pm on Thursday, August 9, 2012
But if we want youth to learn how to solve problems using their heads instead of their fists, a good punch in the nose won't do a whole lot of good. The puncher may feel great at the time, but what then? The punchee comes back with his (or her) fists and maybe a few extra bodies and retaliates and then? Where does it end? Isn't that the problem we have with gangs?
Gary
10:42 am on Friday, August 10, 2012
I was bullied in 2nd grade until I knocked down the biggest bully in school with a punch, right in front of a crowd. After that, I was never bullied again. Just like in the movies.
That model won't work for everyone, but I can confirm that it does work, if you can hit the jaw squarely with your first shot. Now, what would have happened if I would have missed...
Gary
10:57 am on Friday, August 10, 2012
Actually, if we want to teach our children how to behave in the face of belligerent violence, then they need to learn that sometime violence IS the answer.
That is why police carry clubs and guns, instead of books on self improvement. That is why we have a heavily armed military. Tell me, do you know the nature of the forces that keep you safe at night?
Basically, if the authorities (the school administration and us parents) fail to protect someone from bullying, then they should see violence as a perfectly acceptable recourse. A last recourse to be sure. We adults are hypocrites if we tell them that resorting to violence is never acceptable simple because we hire others to do the muscle work for us.
To tell a defenseless child whose life is being ruined that they can not fight back, is just cruel.
I agree that all the other methods should be tried first, including my camera idea.
Just trying to help, but I guess everything turns into a political bashing game doesn't it.
Judy S. Freedman, M.S.W., L.C.S.W.
8:52 pm on Thursday, August 9, 2012
Sully, I totally agree with and applaud with your last 2 posts! Right on! Many people encourage a punch with a fist, but that usually results in more violence....worse than fists.
Lauren Peach
9:56 pm on Friday, August 10, 2012
I encourage a punch with a baseball bat.
Sully
9:15 pm on Thursday, August 9, 2012
Although you can't always tell from some of the arguments I have on Patch, I do like to wear my 'adult' hat sometimes!
Nightcrawler
10:08 pm on Thursday, August 9, 2012
Better wear that catcher's mask, too.
Sully
7:01 am on Friday, August 10, 2012
Good advise, Crawler!
I know the arguing-debating, I mean- is pointless, but I just can't help myself sometimes. It's a genetic thing. I'm Irish.
Nightcrawler
7:36 am on Friday, August 10, 2012
I'm Norwegian. Which means I usually turn over and go back to sleep, right after I eat my herring.
Sully
7:58 am on Friday, August 10, 2012
Probably just as I'm starting my Guinness!
Marci
12:58 am on Friday, August 10, 2012
Great piece! As a former MS administrator and current parent, bullying is a tough issue. We instituted a form that students could complete and give to any trusted adult in our middle school to report and reflect on an incident that the student felt was bullying or teasing. Students knew the procedures of filling out the form and giving to a teacher at the appropriate time (as not to interrupt instruction). Individual teachers met with students and followed up with parents. During our weekly team meetings with teachers and our social worker we reviewed forms and discussed actions we could take with situations that needed further review. Just communicating and following up in a formal way helped students feel secure and validated. I had learned that teachers often would dismiss an incident that they didn't think was a big deal, but to an 11 year old the same incident may have been very stressful. Sometimes as adults it is hard to put ourselves back in time and empathize. Creating a formal procedure also helped document things for parent communication. It isn't that it isn't important, it just may not be heard clearly in the busyness of the school day. This also gave teachers a tool to say, "I'm sorry that happened. Please fill out a bullying form and give it back to me, so we can discuss it more and follow up". This shifts the responsibility on the student to think out the situation and have ways to solve the problem on their own with support from an adult. Worked well for us!
Lauren Peach
9:56 pm on Friday, August 10, 2012
Violence is not the answer... except when it is. I would never encourage my kid to use violence to solve their problem but if they are in the position where they are being physically bullied, then I say give them one hard blow and make it a good one.
Job
10:27 pm on Friday, August 10, 2012
I hear you - the mantra of 'you don't want to stoop to their level' has been so ingrained in the 'good kids' that they stand there paralyzed while the less-enlightened bullies do what they will.
Problem is, physical violence is usually not in the nature of the victims, and of course the bullies know that.
Bob Loblaw
9:39 am on Saturday, August 11, 2012
The problem is it's usually the kid that hits back that receives disciplinary action from the school, and not the bully.
Lauren Peach
2:30 pm on Sunday, August 12, 2012
Yep, that's usually the case. That's my son... the quiet, smart kid who tries to be nice to everyone but ends up getting the short end of the stick sometimes. I had to step in and tell him to stick up for himself otherwise he would never do it.
John C Thomson
5:13 am on Saturday, August 11, 2012
Good points, Gary and Job, I'm 68 yrs. old and knew there was more to this discussion then just the passivity that was being said. No one wants there children to resort to the bullies behavior, that is being bullies themselves, but I don't want my child bullied either. We homeschooled our children up to highschool age, with our daughters.. we sent them to Regina where they had successful academic and sport endeavors. Our son, we sent to ETHS. He told me before he ever got there, if I have to fight, I'm going to. He too was an athelete and he was successful in academics, but he had to fight as well and wasn't bullied. The over-riding thing I want for my children is to respect others, of all ages. That also includes themselves.
Molly
6:46 am on Saturday, August 11, 2012
When my son was in fourth grade he told me about a classmate who was verbally picking on another student. I was amazed, this boy was one of the smallest in class, with glasses, not much in the athletic capabilities....someone I would think would be the one getting picked on not the bully. The end result was my son and a few other kids stood up to the bully and told him to stop, it wasn't cool, etc. It worked. It probably helped that the group was composed of the biggest kids in the grade but they stood up for a friend, didn't get physical, just showed that they were against it. My son was reluctant to do this but with others felt ok. Gang behavior for the good?!
Judy S. Freedman, M.S.W., L.C.S.W.
7:30 am on Saturday, August 11, 2012
Molly,
Hooray for your son and his friends! The power of bystanders can take the power away from bullies. What a wonderful example of positive peer pressure!
Molly
10:16 am on Saturday, August 11, 2012
Well, parenting is full of surprises. It was too long later when waiting for then end of sports practice I saw my son clock a kid in the head (wearing helmets). I was shocked, he's not a violent kid. He told me later the other boy was using illegal moves that they aren't allowed to use because kids can get hurt. This was at football and the kid was doing this to my son, repeatedly. I was proud that he stood up to the kid but watching your son whack a team mate is a bit odd!
Sully
10:46 am on Saturday, August 11, 2012
I can see where in sporting activities, especially football, there would be retaliation. I don't know if I would consider that as bullying, though. We all know football is controlled violence anyway, right? -(Please note the sarcasm. Thanks)-
Molly
5:19 pm on Saturday, August 11, 2012
No direct line from bullying to football, it just amazed me to see my fairly passive kid stand up and hit this kid. For this pacifist mom it was difficult to make the jump from the sandbox - no throwing, hitting, etc of the younger years to raising a young man who was learning that at times physical force was needed to protect himself.
Sully
5:30 pm on Saturday, August 11, 2012
I know, Molly. I was kind of answering tongue-in-cheek. But star athletes are not all exactly the good kids their coaches tell us they are. They're a different kind of bully.
McCloud
11:09 am on Saturday, August 11, 2012
I prefer my bullies to be more organic, the techno bully or so called cyber bully is all the craze now. At least the more organic bully is more conscientious toward the enviornment, more green without leaving the bully footprint. Honestly, at least the cyber bully can't see my skinny white legs so I can gather courage and hope while online.
Molly
8:38 pm on Saturday, August 11, 2012
Sully, why should athletics be any different than the rest of the world (add a wink, and a smirk to your tongue in cheek)? It's all in the packaging.
Sully
9:00 pm on Saturday, August 11, 2012
Very true!
Tahlia Newland
9:18 pm on Saturday, August 11, 2012
I love your suggestions and I think you'll love a novella for teens called 'You Can't Shatter Me'. It's a wonderful resource to help kids handle bullying & for parents and educators to use to stimulate discussion. http://tahlianewland.com/cant-shatter-me/